This is an alphabetical list of food additives. For related lists, see also: List of food additives, Codex Alimentarius and E number. List of food additive typesAcidity regulatorsAnti-caking agentsAnti-foaming agentsFood coloringColor fixativesColor retention agentsEmulsifiersFirming agentsFlavor enhancerFlour treatment agentsFood acidsGelling agentsGlazing agentsHumectantsImproving agentsMineral saltsPreservativesAntioxidantsPropellantsSeasoningsSequestrantsStabilizersSweetenersArtificial sweetenersThickenersVegetable gumsCaffeine and other GRAS (generally recognized as safe) additives such as sugar and salt are not required to go through the regulation process. Alphabetical index of food additivesContents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 0-91,4-heptonolactone - food acid2-hydroxybiphenyl - preservative AAbietic acid -Acacia vera -Acacia -Acesulfame K -Acesulfame potassium - artificial sweetenerAcesulfame -Acetic acid -Acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids - emulsifierAcetylated distarch adipate - thickener, vegetable gumAcetylated distarch phosphate - thickener, vegetable gumAcetylated oxidised starch - thickener, vegetable gumAcetylated starch - thickener, vegetable gumAcid treated starch - thickener, vegetable gumAdipic acid - food acidAgar - thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agentAlcohol -Alfalfa -Alginic acid - thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifierAlitame - artificial sweetenerAlkaline treated starch - thickener, vegetable gumAlkanet -Alkanet - color (red)Allspice -Allura red AC - color (FDA: FD&C Red #40)Almond oil - used as a substitute for olive oil. Also used as an emollient.Aluminium - color (silver)Aluminium ammonium sulfate - mineral saltAluminium potassium sulfate - mineral saltAluminium silicate - anti-caking agentAluminium sodium sulfate - mineral saltAluminium sulfate - mineral saltAmaranth - color (red) (FDA: Red #2) Note that amaranth dye is unrelated to the amaranth plantAmaranth oil - high in squalene and unsaturated fatty acids - used in food and cosmetic industries.Amchur (mango powder)Ammonium acetate - preservative, acidity regulatorAmmonium adipates - acidity regulatorAmmonium alginate - thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifierAmmonium bicarbonate - mineral saltAmmonium carbonate - mineral saltAmmonium chloride - mineral saltAmmonium ferrocitrate - food acidAmmonium fumarate - food acidAmmonium hydroxide - mineral saltAmmonium lactate - food acidAmmonium malate - food acidAmmonium phosphates - mineral saltAmmonium phosphatides - emulsifierAmmonium polyphosphates - anti-caking agentAmmonium sulfate - mineral salt, improving agentAmylases - flour treatment agentAngelica (Angelica archangelica)Anise -Annatto - colorAnthocyanins - colorApricot oil - a cooking oil from certain cultivars.Arabinogalactan - thickener, vegetable gumArgan oil - a food oil from Morocco that has also attracted recent attention in Europe.Argon - propellantRocket (Arugula)Asafoetida -Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) - antioxidant (water soluble)Ascorbyl palmitate - antioxidant (fat soluble)Ascorbyl stearate - antioxidant (fat soluble)Aspartame - artificial sweetenerAstaxanthin - colorAvocado oil - used a substitute for olive oil. Also used in cosmetics and skin care products.Azodicarbonamide - flour bleaching agent. Also used in the production of foamed plastics and the manufacture of gaskets. Banned as a food additive in Australia and Europe.Azorubine - color (red) (FDA: Ext D&C Red #10) BBabassu oil - similar to, and used as a substitute for coconut oil.Baking powder -Baking soda -Balm, lemon -Balm oil -Balsam peru -Barberry -Barley flour -Basil (Ocimum basilicum) -Basil extract -Bay leaves -Beeswax - glazing agentBeet red - color (red)Beetroot red - color (red)Ben oil - extracted from the seeds of the moringa oleifera. High in behenic acid. Extremely stable edible oil. Also suitable for biofuel.Bentonite - anti-caking agentBenzoic acid - preservativeBenzoyl peroxide - flour treatment agentBerebere -Beta-apo-8'-carotenal (C 30) - colorBeta-apo-8'-carotenic acid ethyl ester - colorBetanin - color (red)Biphenyl - preservativeBison grass (Hierochloe odorata)Bixin - colorBlack 7984 - color (brown and black)Black cardamom -Black cumin -Blackcurrant seed oil - used as a food supplement, because of high content of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Also used in cosmetics.Black limes -Pepper (black, white, and green) -Black PN - color (brown and black)Bleached starch - thickener, vegetable gumBolivian Coriander (Porophyllum ruderale) -Bone phosphate - anti-caking agentBorage (Borago officinalis) -Borage seed oil - similar to blackcurrant seed oil - used primarily medicinally.Borax - preservativeBoric acid - preservativeBrilliant Black BN- color (brown and black)Brilliant blue FCF - color (FDA: FD&C Blue #1)Brilliant Scarlet 4R - color (FDA: Ext D&C Red #8)Brominated vegetable oil - emulsifier, stabiliserBrown FK - color (brown and black)Bush tomato -Butane - propellantButylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) - antioxidant (fat soluble)Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) - antioxidant (fat soluble) CCacao shell -Cachou extract -Cactus root extract -Cadinene -Caffeine -Cajeput oil -Calamus -Calcium 5'-ribonucleotides - flavor enhancerCalcium acetate - preservative, acidity regulatorCalcium alginate - thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifierCalcium ascorbate - antioxidant (water soluble)Calcium aluminosilicate (calcium aluminium silicate) - anti-caking agentCalcium ascorbate (Vitamin C)Calcium benzoate - preservativeCalcium bisulfite - preservative, antioxidantCalcium carbonates - color (white), anticaking agent, stabiliserCalcium chloride - mineral saltCalcium citrates - food acid, firming agentCalcium diglutamate - flavor enhancerCalcium disodium EDTA - preservativeCalcium ferrocyanide - anti-caking agentCalcium formate - preservativeCalcium fumarate - food acidCalcium gluconate - acidity regulatorCalcium guanylate - flavor enhancerCalcium hydrogen sulfite - preservative, antioxidantCalcium hydroxide - mineral saltCalcium inosinate - flavor enhancerCalcium lactate - food acidCalcium lactobionate - stabilizerCalcium malates - food acidCalcium oxide - mineral saltCalcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5)Calcium peroxide -Calcium phosphates - mineral salt, anti-caking agent, firming agentCalcium polyphosphates - anti-caking agentCalcium propionate - preservativeCalcium salts of fatty acids - emulsifier, stabiliser, anti-caking agentCalcium silicate - anti-caking agentCalcium sorbate - preservativeCalcium stearoyl lactylate - emulsifierCalcium sulfate - flour treatment agent, mineral salt, sequestrant, improving agent, firming agentCalcium sulfite - preservative, antioxidantCalcium tartrate - food acid, emulsifierFalse flax oil made of the seeds of Camelina sativa - available in Russia as ????????? ?????. Considered promising as a food or fuel oil.Camomile -Candelilla wax - glazing agentCandle nut -Canola oil/Rapeseed oil, one of the most widely used cooking oils, from a (trademarked) cultivar of rapeseed.Canthaxanthin - colorCaper (Capparis spinosa)Capsanthin - colorCapsorubin - colorCaramel I (plain) - color (brown and black)Caramel II (Caustic Sulfite process) - color (brown and black)Caramel III (Ammonia process) - color (brown and black)Caramel IV (Ammonia sulfite process) - color (brown and black)Caraway -Carbamide - flour treatment agentCarbon black - color (brown and black)Carbon dioxide - acidity regulator, propellantCardamom -Carmoisine - color (red) (FDA: Ext D&C Red #10)Carnauba wax - glazing agentCarob Pod -Carob pod oil/Algaroba oil, used medicinally.Carotenes - colorAlpha-carotene - colorBeta-carotene - colorGamma-carotene - colorCarrageenan - thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifierCarrot oil -Cashew oil - somewhat comparable to olive oil. May have value for fighting dental cavities. Cassia -Catechu extract -Celery salt -Celery seed -Wheat germ oil - used as a food supplement, and for its "grainy" flavor. Also used medicinally. Highly unstable.Chalk - color (white), anticaking agent, stabiliserChervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) -Chicory -Chile pepper -Chili powder -Chives (Allium schoenoprasum) -Chlorine dioxide - flour treatment agentChlorine - flour treatment agentChlorophylls and Chlorophyllins - color (green)Chocolate Brown HT - colorCholine salts and esters - emulsifierChrysoine resorcinol - color (red)Cicely (Myrrhis odorata)Sweet cicely (Myrrhis odorata)Cilantro (see Coriander) (Coriandrum sativum)Cinnamon -Cinnamon oil - used for flavoring.Citranaxanthin - colorCitric acid - food acidCitric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids - emulsifierCitrus red 2 - color (red)Cloves -Cochineal - color (red)Coconut oil - a cooking oil, high in saturated fat - particularly used in baking and cosmetics.Sage (Salvia officinalis) -Copper complexes of chlorophylls - color (green)Coriander -Coriander seed oil - used medicinally. Also used as a flavoring agent in pharmaceutical and food industries.Corn oil - one of the most common, and inexpensive cooking oils.Corn syrup -Cottonseed oil - a major food oil, often used in industrial food processing.Cress -carmine